ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Hepatitis B virus infection is prevalent in Korea. Active immunization of Hepatitis B has been proceeded extensively for the last decade. This study was performed to estimate the negative rate of anti-HBs after immunization and to evaluate the effect of revaccination among Korean children between 1995 and 1997, as well as to determine a proper revaccination schedule. METHODS: Anti-HBs was measured with enzyme immunoassay. Hepatitis B revaccination was performed on nonresponders, those who were previously vaccinated and whose anti-HBs titers were under 10mIU/mL. Group A was revaccinated one dose of the same amount of the previous vaccine. Group B was given three doses of the same amount of the vaccine. Group C was given one double dose of the vaccine. The seroconversion rate and geometrical mean titer were measured one month later. RESULTS: Negative anti-HBs rate was 14.5% in children who had been vaccinated. The seroconversion rate was high in all revaccination groups(86.7-94.7%). Three doses of revaccination had no significant difference from one dose of revaccination. There was no positive effect of double dose of revaccination in comparison with the usual dose. CONCLUSION: In our study, one dose of hepatitis B vaccine is as effective as three doses or double dose of hepatitis B vaccine for the nonresponsive children. We recommend administering one dose of hepatitis B vaccine to those children whose three anti-HBs titer is under 10mIU/mL and examining of the anti-HBs titer one month later after revaccination.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Appointments and Schedules , Hepatitis B Vaccines , Hepatitis B virus , Hepatitis B , Hepatitis , Immunization , Immunization, Secondary , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Korea , VaccinationABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study was performed to characterize the epidemiologic and clinical features of acute adenoviral lower respiratory tract infections. METHODS: Culture and indirect immunofluorescence for adenovirus was done with nasopharyngeal aspirates from patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections from April to September, 1996. Cultured virus was serotyped for type 3, 4, and 7a by neutralization test, and medical records were reviewed. RESULTS: Adenovirus was isolated from 29 of 187 (15.5%) patients. Monthly distribution from May to September, 1996 was 4, 17, 7, 0, and 1 case, respectively. Seventeen out of 18 cases serotyped (94.4%) were type 7. Male to female ratio was 21:8 and ranged in age from 1 month to 8 years with a mean of 22.6 +/- 22.5 months. Clinical diagnosis was pneumonia in 18, tracheobronchitis in 6, and bronchiolitis in 4 cases. The main clinical features were cough (100%), sputum (100%), fever (89%), pharyngeal injection (85%), increased ESR (76%) and CRP (64%), and leukocytosis (59%). Radiologic findings of chest, included consolidation (40.7%), parahilar peribronchial infiltration (22.2 %), pleural effusion (7.4%), and hyperaeration (3.7%). The mean duration of admission was 8.9 +/- 5.1 days and all the patients showed favorable clinical outcome without acute respiratory distress syndrome. CONCLUSION: There was a respiratory epidemic by adenovirus between May and July, 1996, and 17 out of 18 cases serotyped was type 7. All of the 29 patients with acute adenoviral lower respiratory tract infections improved without significant complication.
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Adenoviridae , Bronchiolitis , Cough , Diagnosis , Fever , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Leukocytosis , Medical Records , Neutralization Tests , Pleural Effusion , Pneumonia , Respiratory Distress Syndrome , Respiratory System , Respiratory Tract Infections , Sputum , ThoraxABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study was performed to characterize the epidemiologic and clinical features of acute adenoviral lower respiratory tract infections. METHODS: Culture and indirect immunofluorescence for adenovirus was done with nasopharyngeal aspirates from patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections from April to September, 1996. Cultured virus was serotyped for type 3, 4, and 7a by neutralization test, and medical records were reviewed. RESULTS: Adenovirus was isolated from 29 of 187 (15.5%) patients. Monthly distribution from May to September, 1996 was 4, 17, 7, 0, and 1 case, respectively. Seventeen out of 18 cases serotyped (94.4%) were type 7. Male to female ratio was 21:8 and ranged in age from 1 month to 8 years with a mean of 22.6 +/- 22.5 months. Clinical diagnosis was pneumonia in 18, tracheobronchitis in 6, and bronchiolitis in 4 cases. The main clinical features were cough (100%), sputum (100%), fever (89%), pharyngeal injection (85%), increased ESR (76%) and CRP (64%), and leukocytosis (59%). Radiologic findings of chest, included consolidation (40.7%), parahilar peribronchial infiltration (22.2 %), pleural effusion (7.4%), and hyperaeration (3.7%). The mean duration of admission was 8.9 +/- 5.1 days and all the patients showed favorable clinical outcome without acute respiratory distress syndrome. CONCLUSION: There was a respiratory epidemic by adenovirus between May and July, 1996, and 17 out of 18 cases serotyped was type 7. All of the 29 patients with acute adenoviral lower respiratory tract infections improved without significant complication.